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July 4, 2011

REACTIVE DYE

Reactive   dye s are dye s which   usually  have  the  basic  struc-
ture  of acid,  direct ,  or  mordant  dyes but  which  in  addition  have  a reactive
group  capable  of  covalent  bond  formation  with   the fiber. Since  the  fiber
must  have  reasonable  reactivity   toward  the  dye  reactive group,  application
of  these  dyes has  been  limited  to  cellulosic ,  protein,  and  nylon  fibers  for
the  mos t pa rt.


The  fastness  of  reactive dyes  covalently   bound   to  the  fiber  is  excellent . Reactive   functional groups  have  been   selected   for  incorporation  into  reactive  dyes  which   will  react  readily   with  the  fiber   after  diffusion   into  the
structure  but  which   will  not   hydrolyze  (decompose)   in  the   water  solvent
used   in  dye  application.  Acidic   or  basic  conditions  are   necessary  for
successful  and  rapid   reaction   of  the  reactive dye  with   the  fiber,   so  dye
appl ication   is  carried   out  at  either   sl ightly  acid   or  basic  pH  (hydrogenion  concentration). Procion  dyes  are  the  best  known  of  the  reactive   dyes.

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