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September 13, 2011

DYES FOR POLYESTER FIBERS


Owing  to their high crystallinity  and  hydrophobicity,  the   polyester  fibers are  extremely    difficult to  dye  by  normal    dyeing   techniques    unless  the  fiber   has  been  modified,    as  in the  case   of  modified   terephthalate  polyesters. A  limited  amount   of  polyester    is  solution  dyed  through    incorporation   of  dye   or  pigment   into   the  polymer    melt   prior  to  spinning. It   is more   common   to  use   this   technique  to  incorporate  fluorescent  brightening agents   into  polyester. Only   smaller,   relatively  nonpolar dye  molecules can effectively   penetrate   polyester;    therefore  disperse dyes  have  been the  dye class   of choice  for  the  fiber. 

 Azoic  dyes  and  pigment-binder systems have  also  found  limited   use  on  polyesters. Polyester modified  with  appropriate  comonomers can  be dyed at lower temperatures  or  with  acid  or  basic dyes   depending  on  the  nature of  the  modifying groups.

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