Cellulosic fibers can be dyed readily using a number of dye classes. The less crystalline regenerated cellulosics (rayon) dye more readily than the more crystalline natural cellulosic fibers such as cotton. Cellulosics can be dyed or printed using direct, reactive, basic, vat, sulfur, or azoic dyes. Cellulosics can also be colored using pigment binder systems. Mordanting of direct and basic dyes on cellulosics improves overall fastness. Since the hydroxyl groups in cellulosics are less reactive than many functional groups found in protein fibers, reactive dyes such as the dichloro triazine (Procion M) or dichloroquinoxaline (Levefix) dyes are often used on cellulosic fibers due to their higher reactivity. The general stability of cellulosic fibers to basic solutions permits them to be effectively dyed by vat, sulfur, and azoic dyes without significant damage.
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August 10, 2011
DYEING OF BLENDS
Textile structures are often blends of more than one fiber type. Blends containing similar fibers are easy to dye with dyes of similar structure and application characteristics. Care must be taken in dyeing blends containing fibers of highly different dye affinities, if the dyeing is carried out in the same dyebath. The dyes and their auxiliaries must be compatible with one another. When fibers in a blend are dyed the same color, the dyeing is referred to as "union dyeing," whereas dyeing fibers in a blend of different colors is referred to as "cross dyeing." In blends, interesting tone-on-tone, tone-on-white, and differential dyeings are possible by selection of appropriate dyes and dyeing conditions
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